Enligt statistik från The standish group?s artikel Extreme Chaos (2001) tenderar IT-projekten att oftare få problem med tid, kostnad och kvalité aspekten i jämförelse med andra typer av projekt. I vår uppsats vill vi försöka förstå vad det är som skiljer IT-projekt i jämförelse med andra projekt. Kan det exempelvis vara så att man använder sig av fel projektledningsmodell? I denna studie har vi jämfört hur projekt utförts i byggbranschen respektive IT-branschen.

Att utveckla IT-system som löser de problem det är ämnat att lösa är en förutsättning för systemutvecklingen. Trots att detta kan ses som en självklarhet samt att forskning sker inom området klarar inte verksamheterna, som utvecklingen ser ut idag, alltid av att lösa detta problem (Standish Group 1994; Standish Group 2003). Andra exempel på problem som kan finnas i ett systemutvecklingsprojekt är dålig kommunikation i projektgruppen, otydliga mål inom den, dålig grund att stå på och att en helhetsbild av verksamheten saknas (Goldkuhl & Röstlinger 1988). Vi har tagit fram en alternativ lösning för att tillgodose dessa behov, vilket erbjuder ett alternativt arbetssätt med avsikt att minska risken för att dessa problem uppstår. Vi presenterar ett arbetssätt som utgår från metoden Dialogseminarium, en metod för kunskaps- och erfarenhetsutveckling, vilken har som huvudsyfte att:? Etablera ett gemensamt språk? Skapa en yrkespraxis? Utveckla ett reflektivt och analogiskt tänkande? Bygga kunskap? Utveckla erfarenhetsbaserade kunskaperI det presenterade arbetssättet används Dialogseminariet i början och slutet av systemutvecklingsprojekt samt som ett moment inför och mellan dess olika systemutvecklingsfaser där de bäst lämpar sig att användas.

The aim of this qualitative study was to investigate the participants experiences of a parent support group and the effect of their participation on their parental role from a learning perspective. As the parent support group takes place as a group activity, the focus was on the individual learning processes which, in turn, are influenced by both the group itself as well as the leaders of the group. The empirical data was collected from a focus group interview with four mothers, and analyzed using empowerment and coping theories. Based on the participants´ narratives, the result showed that the parent support group had a great social and pedagogic effect on the participants. As a result of the received knowledge in the group from both leaders as well as from other participants, they felt less stressed and more confident in their parental role.

The purpose of this Master Thesis was to study the reader in the informal reading group. To fulfil our purpose we have used the following questions: how did the reader become a reader and what does her reading look like, why do people choose to participate in a reading group, how may the group influence the individual member in her reading and interpretation of a book, does the reading group have a therapeutic function, how does the informant find the group dynamics and different roles in the reading group, and finally how does the informant experience the discussion in the reading group. We have used two studies about reading groups, one by Elizabeth Long and one by Jenny Hartley. Our theory is divided into reading and group psychology. We have interviewed seven women belonging to different reading groups.

At first glance, the group CEO's (koncernchefens) legal position looks easy. It is the CEO?s responsibility to lead and make decisions on matters which affect the entire group, all while defending the company?s best interests. However, when one looks closely at how the Companies Act (Aktiebolagslagen) regulates how a company should organize itself, as well as the options available to manage the group, one rea-lizes that simply appointing a group CEO does not necessarily make the company compatible with the Companies Act. A group CEO threatens to reduce both the Board and CEO's legal administrative districts which are not in accordance with legal and commercial principles.In order to introduce a group CEO it requires a detailed investigation of the group's legal relationships.

In today's society there is a trend in progress that it is positive and effective to have working groups or teams in organizations. But is it really all good? This essay explores this question through the concept "group weariness". Group weariness is defined as a negative attitude towards working in groups based on previous experiences of the working form. The aim of this study is to explore the concept of group weariness through a quantitative study.

Under sent 1990-tal bo?rjade utvecklare att bli mer och mer missno?jda med ra?dande arbetsformer i projekt. Utvecklarna upplevde att modeller som vattenfallsmodellen inte la?ngre speglade verkligheten fo?r utvecklingen. Detta missno?je resulterade i att en ma?ngd nya arbetsmodeller uppstod och 2001 samlades de under Agile Manifesto.

In 2007 the Prevention Unit at Södermalm in Stockholm started a group activity for parents and children. The group activity?s intention is to offer families support in their early interaction. This study is a part of providing knowledge about this intervention. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the stories which are produced by five participants in a support group for parents and children.

Bakgrund: The standish group, CompTI, (Computing Technology Industry Association) och Good ? to ? great visade i sina studier att de främsta faktorerna för ett lyckat IT-projekt handlar om att bjuda in aktörerna i utvecklingsarbetet, förbättra kommunikationen mellan berörda parter samt att använda rätt personal på rätt plats. Detta medför att konsulten måste inneha en mellanmänsklig kunskap för att kunna förtydliga den kommunikation som uppstår vid interaktionen med användaren. Syfte: Att undersöka vilka mellanmänskliga kommunikationskunskaper yrkesverksamma systemvetare inom konsultbranschen upplever sig sakna och möjligtvis behöva efter avslutade studier i systemvetenskap.Metod: Intervjustudie med kvalitativ ansats baserad på fem intervjuer. Materialet har transkriberats, kodats och strukturerats enligt beskriven bearbetningsmetoden.Resultat: I resultatet framkom det två olika kategorier; viktiga aspekter och avsaknad av kunskaper.Slutsatser: Denna studie påvisar att konsulter saknar kunskaper inom mellanmänsklig kommunikation efter avslutade studier från olika systemvetenskapliga program i Sverige.

In modern dairy production, the newborn calf generally is separated from its mother and put in a single pen for some time before it is introduced to group housing. Group housing is becoming more and more common because it saves the farmer a lot of valuable time. Even thought group housing has a lot of benefits it is often associated with a higher morbidity and mortality in the young calves. Therefore, knowing the optimal way to use the group pen lies in many farmers? interests and the importance of different factors such as the optimal age of introduction is important to evaluate. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of age at introduction to group housing on the health of the calves in the group pen.

Having the right executive group is vital for the success of a company. The complex context, in which the company operates, makes it difficult to create a well functioning and high performing group. This study aims to investigate how the executive group should be composed in terms of externally and internally recruited people, in order to take full advantage of the positive aspects associated with each one. Furthermore, we will discuss why and when a company chooses to recruit people to the executive group either externally or internally..

The use of group contribution between consolidated firms is a common phenomenon in Sweden where taxation is not based on the return on the consolidated level but on the return on the individual firms. However, the process of handling the group contribution does not work without problems. This thesis analyzes three main issues where group contributions oppose the Swedish Companies Act. ? The Swedish Companies Act enacts the decision regarding group contributions to be made at a shareholder?s meeting.

This research is about six pedagogue´s and their reflections about the size of the children´s group in the preschools. Then I will discuss the pedagogue?s recommendation on the significance of the size of a children´s group learning and development and it´s practical significance for the preschool function. The pedagogue?s statements will be discussed in relation to The Swedish National Agency for Education (TSNAE) guidelines on group size.The theoretical framework of this essay will take an overview of the social cultural perspective, the group size and its significance for both the children´s learning and development, for interaction and communication and TSNAE advice and guidelines.

The DISA method is a universal program developed for teenage girls to prevent depression. The program includes cognitive behavioral techniques are suppose to change negative pattern of thinking, give practice of communication, strategies of problem solution and exercises to strengthen the social network. The purpose of this study is to find out how a group of teenage boys were affected by the DISA program and what factors that may have impacted the outcome. Material from three different studies have been used, a quantitative study in terms of data from self-assessment form CES-D, materials from two semi-structured focus group interviews with the boys and material from a questionnaire filled out by the boys on two occasions during the DISA method. The result of the CES-D indicates that the boys had less depressive symptoms after the final group meeting compared to the first group meeting and also a year later. Analysis of the material from focus group interviews and questionnaire have been made from a communication theory and systems theory perspective and indicate a shift to greater cohesion in the group and demonstrates that communication between the boy-group and group leaders had importance for the outcome.

The purpose of this work is to create more knowledge about the teacher's perceptions of group dynamics and its impact on school activities. How do teachers opportunities and obstacles in order to influence group dynamics among students. The questions I have answered is how the teachers see the importance of a functioning group dynamics in school, how teachers work with group dynamics and how teachers describe the opportunities and obstacles for effective group dynamics. The method I am using at work is a qualitative research method that involves obtaining the teachers' own thoughts, feelings and experiences around the right questions. I have interviewed three teachers in primary schools in the county of Stockholm to find out their particular approach.